塔里木盆地库鲁克塔格地区下寒武统西大山组深水沉积序列   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

姜雪  程日辉  王璞珺  刘万洙 《地质科技情报》2010,29(2)

以野外剖面为基础,结合区域地质资料,对塔里木盆地库鲁克塔格地区下寒武统西大山组的深水沉积进行了分析,确定了其沉积环境和海平面变化情况。研究表明,库鲁克塔格北部西大山组发育的层状硅质岩及石膏的成因与火山活动及断裂活动具有密切关系,瘤状灰岩是在经洋流及海水溶解作用后经压实作用而形成的;西大山组是一个向上变浅的沉积序列,沉积环境由次深海过渡为台前斜坡;西大山组所反映的长周期海平面变化背景为海侵末期至海退初期。  相似文献   

Patterns of deposition from experimental turbidity currents with reversing buoyancy     

CHARLOTTE GLADSTONE  DAVID PRITCHARD†  Associate Editor – Jess Trofimovs 《Sedimentology》2010,57(1):53-84

Turbidity currents are turbulent, sediment‐laden gravity currents which can be generated in relatively shallow shelf settings and travel downslope before spreading out across deep‐water abyssal plains. Because of the natural stratification of the oceans and/or fresh water river inputs to the source area, the interstitial fluid within which the particles are suspended will often be less dense than the deep‐water ambient fluid. Consequently, a turbidity current may initially be denser than the ambient sea water and propagate as a ground‐hugging flow, but later reverse in buoyancy as its bulk density decreases through sedimentation to become lower than that of the ambient sea water. When this occurs, all or part of the turbidity current lofts to form a buoyant sediment‐laden cloud from which further deposition occurs. Deposition from such lofting turbidity currents, containing a mixture of fine and coarse sediment suspended in light interstitial fluid, is explored through analogue laboratory experiments complemented by theoretical analysis using a ‘box and cloud’ model. Particular attention is paid to the overall deposit geometry and to the distributions of fine and coarse material within the deposit. A range of beds can be deposited by bimodal lofting turbidity currents. Lofting may encourage the formation of tabular beds with a rapid pinch‐out rather than the gradually tapering beds more typical of waning turbidity currents. Lofting may also decouple the fates of the finer and coarser sediment: depending on the initial flow composition, the coarse fraction can be deposited prior to or during buoyancy reversal, while the fine fraction can be swept upwards and away by the lofting cloud. An important feature of the results is the non‐uniqueness of the deposit architecture: different initial current compositions can generate deposits with very similar bed profiles and grading characteristics, highlighting the difficulty of reconstructing the nature of the parent flow from field data. It is proposed that deposit emplacement by lofting turbidity currents is common in the geological record and may explain a range of features observed in deep‐water massive sands, thinly bedded turbidite sequences and linked debrites, depending on the parent flow and its subsequent development. For example, a lofting flow may lead to a well sorted, largely ungraded or weakly graded bed if the fines are transported away by the cloud. However, a poorly sorted, largely ungraded region may form if, during buoyancy reversal, high local concentrations and associated hindered settling effects develop at the base of the cloud.  相似文献   

Water-mass formation and distribution in the Nordic Seas during the 1990s   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Blindheim  Johan; Rey  Francisco 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2004,61(5):846-863

  相似文献   

长江口横沙东滩近30年来自然演变及工程影响的GIS分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杜景龙  姜俐平  杨世伦 《海洋通报》2007,26(5):43-48

利用长江口深水航道治理一、二期工程实施前后的地形资料,在GIS软件及相关的统计分析软件的支持下,分析了治理工程对横沙东滩冲淤演变的影响。结果表明:横沙东滩在长期的自然演变过程中滩地面积相对稳定,但20世纪90年代中期以来,由于长江来沙量减少,滩地面积出现减小的趋势;深水航道北导堤工程(1998—2000年5月)使横沙东滩的冲淤形势发生了较大的变化:横沙东滩窜沟扭曲、萎缩,白条子沙及其以东浅水区域淤积加剧;促淤工程实施后,形成了一个有利泥沙沉积的环境,过境泥沙的大量淤积及人工吹泥上滩使得横沙东滩淤长速度显著加快。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘奥陶系深水牵引流沉积   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

刘成鑫  高振中  纪友亮  吴晓龙 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2005,25(2):31-36

深水牵引流沉积是沉积学中的一个重要研究领域，包括内潮汐、内波沉积和等深流沉积两大类，主要发育于海洋深水区。深水牵引流沉积的研究起步较晚，目前主要集中于现代深海沉积和野外露头研究，对深埋地下的古代深水牵引流沉积发现较少，其所具有的油气潜能还不被人们所认识。本文论述了鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘奥陶系内潮汐沉积、等深流沉积的特征和沉积类型。内潮汐沉积是在研究区首次发现，以灰色中一细砂岩为主，部分为粗粉砂岩，单层厚十余厘米至数十厘米，砂岩以普遍发育双向交错纹理为特征。等深岩丘主要由3种碳酸盐等深岩组成，即砂屑等深岩、粉屑等深岩和灰泥等深岩，共发育有4种层序样式。最后，阐明了其油气勘探意义，并分析了其潜在的油气勘探价值。  相似文献   

Reliability-Based Full-Life Cycle Optimum Design of Offshore Jacket Platform     

王立成  宋玉普 《中国海洋工程》2004,18(1):47-58

Based on the consideration of operation environment and structural property, an optimnm design model of offshore jacket platform is developed in this paper, namely, the reliability-based full-life cycle optimum design model. In this model, the time-dependent reliability assessment method for structural members is established by combination of the decrease, of sectional size and performance deterioration of material. The initial investment, maintenance cost and failure loss cost are assembled into the model. The total cost of the platform structure system in its full service period is chosen as the objective function, and the initial reliabilities of the layer elements partitioned in advance are taken as the design variables. Different models are obtained, depending on whether the system reliability eonstraint is considered or not. This optimum design model can result in the lowest full-life cost and the optimal initial layer reliability of an offshore jacket platform in the design of marine structures. The feasibility of this model is illustrated with an actual jacket platform in the Liaodong Gulf as an example.  相似文献   

Nonlinear Analysis of Pile Foundation Jacket Platform     

Xu Bin Shen Zhonghan Senior Engineer 《中国海洋工程》1997,(1)

In this paper,the nonlinear collapse of the BOHAI-8 pile foundation jacket platform hasbeen analyzed.The ultimate load and collapse process of two computational models of the structure aregiven.One model is of fixed support whose length is eight times the pile leg diameter and the other consid-ers the nonlinearity of the soil-pile interaction.  相似文献   

海洋平台结构SMA阻尼隔振振动台试验与分析     

张纪刚  吴斌  欧进萍 《地震工程与工程振动》2007,27(6):241-247

本文针对渤海JZ20-2MUQ导管架式海洋平台进行比例为1∶10的模型结构的形状记忆合金阻尼隔振振动台试验研究。首先,根据原结构的基本参数,确定试验模型的几何参数,推导出相似比关系,并对形状记忆合金阻尼器和黏滞阻尼器进行性能试验,确定其基本力学性能;其次,对模型结构进行振动台试验研究,分别考察4种地震作用下无控结构、纯隔振结构、SMA隔振结构和SMA阻尼隔振结构的反应;最后,对模型结构进行数值计算分析。结果表明,各种隔振结构方案对平台结构导管架端帽位移和平台甲板加速度均有很好的控制效果。数值分析结果与试验结果吻合较好。  相似文献   

东濮凹陷古近系沙三段盐岩成因探讨及层序地层学意义   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

杜海峰  于兴河  陈发亮 《西北地质》2007,40(4):67-74

东濮凹陷北部中央隆起带及周边沙三段自下而上发育了三套盐岩层,每套盐岩层由若干个小盐岩韵律组成。盐岩层和油气的运聚有密切的关系。关于东濮凹陷盐岩的成因有很多的解释,笔者在对前人的工作进行细致的研究基础上,通过对盐岩层的地球化学、岩心观察、构造、古气候资料对盐岩的分析,结合各盐岩韵律层的地层对比分析及各盐韵律纵向及横向分布规律,综合分析认为东濮凹陷沙三段盐岩为深水蒸发成盐,盐岩层为最大洪泛面。在此基础上运用层序地层学的观点,将东濮凹陷的古近系的地层划分为两个二级层序和10个三级层序。总结出盐岩的成盐模式和层序地层模式,为沙三段沉积相的研究提供了理论依据,对寻找盐岩有关的隐蔽油气藏具有重要的意义。  相似文献   

Rates of sediment deposition in a hypersaline lake in the northern Great Plains,western Canada     

William M. Last 《International Journal of Salt Lake Research》1993,2(1):47-58

Remarkably high rates of sedimentation (up to nearly 60 kg m⁻² yr⁻¹) are documented for offshore areas of Freefight Lake, a deep, hypersaline, meromictic lake in the northern Great Plains of Canada. Most material in the offshore sediment traps consists of soluble and suparingly soluble endogenic salts. Deposition of allogenic sediment is minor. The observed high sedimentation rates are in response to several mechanism: (i) freeseout precipitation of salts from the mixolimnion; (ii) redistribution of shallow water endogenic precipitates by turbidity flows and interflow processes; and (iii) precipitation of salts from within the monimolimnion Because the bottom water mass of the lake is essentially isothermal and isochemical, large scale temperature induced remobilization of these salts at or near the sediment-water interface is unlikely. Similarly, the morphology of the basin suggests that resuspension of bottom sediment by waves in the offshore areas of the basin is negligible. Although the sedimentation rates observed in Freefight Lake are extraordinarily high and considerably greater than other modern lacustrine sedimentation rates documented in the literature to date, the observed rates are entirely compatible with suggested accumulation rates of ancient evaporite sequences. Palliser Tringle Global Change Contribution Number 6.  相似文献